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The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul

Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 135 - 152, 01.02.2018

Abstract

In this study, the financial performance of family businesses were compared with the financial performance of other non-family businesses. Family business was defined as the type of business in which a person or a family has at least 20% of the shares of any business. Return on assets, return on equity, return on sales and ratio of market value to book value were used as financial performance measures. In all regression results, it was seen that the return on equity was negatively influenced by the fact that a business is a family business. Similarly, the top manager of the company from family member negatively affected the return on equity as well as the ratio of the market value to the book value. The fact that the chairman of the board was from the family has not affected any of the performance criteria statistically significantly. The fact that the top manager of the company was also the chairman of the board of directors has affected the return on equity for all family and non-family businesses positively. It was also observed that the return on assets and the ratio of market value to book value were negatively affected by financial leverage while positively affected by sales. The business age has positively affected the ratio of the market value to the book value, in addition to the fact that chairman of the board was male positively affected return on assets

References

  • Akdoğan, A. (2000) Aile İşletmelerin Özellikleri ve Aile İşletmelerinde Kurumsallaşma İhtiyacı, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Kayseri, Sayı:16,
  • Alipour, M. (2013) An investigation of the association between ownership structure and corporate performance Empirical evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE): Management Research Review Vol. 36 No. 11, 2013 pp. 1137-1166
  • Alpugan, Oktay (1998) Küçük İşletmeler, Per Yayınları, Trabzon
  • Amann, B. ve Jaussaud, J. (2012) Family and non-family business resilience in an economic downturn: Asia Pacific Business Review, 18:2, 203-223,
  • Andres, C. (2008) Large shareholders and firm performance—An empirical examination offoundingfamily ownership : Journal of Corporate Finance 14 (2008) 431–445
  • Anderson, R. C., Duru, A., Reeb, D. M. (2009) Founders, heirs, and corporate opacity in the United States: Journal of Financial Economics 92 (2009) 205–222
  • Anderson, R. C., Reeb, D. M. (2003) Founding-Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from the S&P 500 : The Journal of Finance No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 1301-1328
  • Anderson, R. C., Mansi, S. A., Reeb, D. M. (2003) Founding family ownership and the agency cost of debt: Journal of Financial Economics 68 (2003) 263–285
  • Ang, J. S., Cole, R. A., Lin, J. W. (2000) Agency Costs and Ownership Structure [Vekalet Maliyeti ve Sahiplik Yapısı]. The Journal Of Finance, 55, 81-106.
  • Baek, Jae, S., Kim, J. (2015) Cofounders and the Value of Family Firms: Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 51:sup3, 20-33
  • Barontini, R., Caprio, L. (2005) The effect of family control on firm value and performance. Evidence from Continental Europe (2005)
  • Bertrand, M., Johnson, S., Samphantharak, K., Schoar, A. (2008) Mixing family with business: A study of Thai -business groups and the families behind them: Journal of Financial Economics 88 (2008) 466–498
  • Barth, E., Gulbrandsen, T., Schone, P. (2005) Family ownership and productivity: the role of ownermanagement: Journal of Corporate Finance 11 (2005) 107– 127
  • Caselli, S., Di Giuli, A. (2010) Does the CFO matter in family firms? Evidence from Italy: The European Journal of Finance, 16:5, 381-411,
  • Chu, W. (2011) Family ownership and firm performance: Influence of family management, family control, and firm size : Asia Pac J Manag (2011) 28:833–851
  • Chu, W. (2009) The influence of family ownership on SME performance: evidence from public firms in Taiwan: Small Bus Econ (2009) 33:353–373 Chua, JH., Chrisman JJ., Sharma P. (1999) Defining the family business by behavior. Entrep Theory Pract 23(4):19–39
  • Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., Litz, R. A.,(2004) Comparing the Agency Costs of Family and Non-Family Firms: Conceptual Issues and Exploratory Evidence: ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY and PRACTICE Summer, 2004
  • Claessens, S., Djankov, S., Lang, L. H. (2000) The separation of ownership and control inEast Asian Corporations: Journal of Financial Economics 58 (2000) 81-112
  • Cucculelli, M., Micucci, G. (2007) Family succession and firm performance: Evidence from Italian family firms.: Journal Of Corporate Finance 2007
  • Erdoğmuş, N. (2007) Aile İşletmeleri: Yönetim Devri ve İkinci Kuşağın Yetiştirilmesi, İstanbul:İGİAD Yayınları, 2007.
  • Filatotchew, I., Lien, Y. C., Piesse, J. (2005) Corporate Governance and Performance in Publicly Listed, FamilyControlled
  • Firms: Evidence from Taiwan: Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22,257–283, 2005
  • Garcia, Bustani, D. M. (2013) Internal Capıtal Allocation And Financial Performance In Family Business Groups: Evidence From MEXICO
  • Khaemasunun, K., (2004) Three Essays on the Profitability, Risk, and Viability of Family Firms in a Developing Economy Division of Economics and
  • Finance Morgantown, West Virginia 2004 Kırım, A. (2001) Aile Şirketlerinin Yönetimi, Sistem Yayımcılık, İstanbul.
  • Kowalewski, O., Talavera, O., Stetsyuk, I. (2009) Influence of Family Involvement in Management and Ownership on Firm Performance: Evidence From Poland, Family Business Review 23(1) 45–59
  • La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanez, F., Schleifer, A. (1999). Corporate Ownership Around The World [Dunya’da Kurumsal Sahiplik]. Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471-517.
  • Lee, J. (2006) Family Firm Performance: Further Evidence Family Business Review · June
  • Martınez, J. I., Stöhr, B. S., Quiroga, B. F. (2007) Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence From Mine AKSOY, Sinan KIZILTOPRAK 152 Public Companies in Chile: FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, June 2007
  • Maury, B. (2006) Family ownership and firm performance: Empirical evidence from Western European corporations: Journal of Corporate Finance 12 (2006) 321– 341 January 2006
  • McConaughy, D. L., Walker, M. C., Henderson, Jr. G.V., Mishra, C. S. (1998) Founding Family Controlled Firms: Efficiency and Value: REVIEW OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, VOL. 7, NO. 1,
  • Miller, D., Miller, I., Le, B. (2006) Family Governance and Firm Performance: Agency, Stewardship, and Capabilities: Family Business Review · March 2006
  • Miller, D., Miller, I., Le, B., Lester, R. H., Cannela, Jr. A. A. (2007) ’’ Are family firms really superior performers? Journal of Corporate Finance 13 (2007) 829–858
  • Minichilli, A., Corbetta, G., MacMillan, I. C. (2010) Top Management Teams in Family-Controlled Companies: ‘Familiness’, ‘Faultlines’, and Their Impact on Financial Performance: Journal of Management Studies 47:2 March 2010
  • Pukthuanthong, K., Walker, T. J., Thiengtham, D. N. (2013) Does family ownership create or destroy value? Evidence from Canada: International Journal of Managerial Finance Vol. 9 No. 1, 2013 pp. 13-48
  • Sciascia, S., Mazzola, P. (2008) Family Involvement in Ownership and Management: Exploring Nonlinear Effects on Performance : Family Bus. Review; Dec 2008; 21, 4; pg. 331
  • Shyu, J. (2011) Family ownership and firm performance: evidence from Taiwanese firms: International Journal of Managerial Finance Vol. 7 No. 4, 2011 pp. 397-411
  • Smith, F. B., Amoaku-Adu, B. (1999) Management succession and financial performance of family controlled firms: Journal of Corporate Finance 5 (1999) 341–368
  • Sraer, D., Thesmar, D. (2007) ‘’Performance And Behavior Of Family Firms: Evıdence From The French Stock Market: Journal of the European Economic Association
  • Westhead, P., Howorth, C. (2006) Ownership and Management Issues Associated With Family Firm Performance and Company Objectives: Family Business Review; Dec 2006; 19, 4; pg. 301
  • Westhead, P., Cowling, M. (1997), “Performance Comtrasts between Family and non family Unquoted Companiesin the UK.
  • Villalonga, B., Amit, R. (2004) How Do Family Ownership, Management, and Control Affect Firm Value? March 11, 2004 YÜKSEKLİSANS-DOKTORA TEZLERİ
  • Alestalo, A. (2010) ’’Gender effect, family characteristics and firm performance on succession decisions - Evidence from Finnish family firms’’ (Master Thesis)
  • Karpuzoğlu, E. (2000) ’’Aile İşletmelerinin Kurumsallaşma Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma’’, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2000.
  • Kortelainen, P. (2007) ’’The Effect of Family Ownnership on Firm Performance’’: Emprical Evidence From Norway (Master Thesis)
  • Saito, T. (2008) ’’Family Firms and Firm Performance’’ (Master Thesis)
  • Shu, X. (2013) ’’Firm Performance, Entrepreneurship and Business Succession in Family Firms :Short-term market reaction to intra-family succession Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms’’ (Master Thesis) INTERNET KAYNAKLARI
  • Liang, T. W., and Jek, G. F. (2010) The Determinants of Family Business Growth And Performance in Singapore, http://www.cdnet.edu.cn/mirror/singap_college/ smu/www.smu.edu.sg/research/pdfs/WeeLiang2K. pdf (10.09.2010)
  • Tharawat Magazine for Family Business And Entrepreneurs (Family Firm Instıtute, Inc. Global Data Points(2014)
  • SEMPOZYUM, KONGRELER:
  • PAZARCIK, Orhan (2004) “Aile İşletmelerinin Tanımı Kurumsallaşması Ve Yönetişimi”, 1.Aile İşletmeleri Kongresi Kongre Kitabı, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Yayınları Yayın No:40, 17-18-Nisan-2004, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi
  • ARAŞTIRMA,ÇALIŞMA METİNLERİ:
  • King, R. M., Santor, E. (2007) Family Values: Ownership Structure, Performance and Capital Structure of Canadian Firms: Bank of Canada Working Paper 2007-40

Borsa İstanbul’da İşlem Gören Aile İşletmelerinin Finansal Performanslarının Analizi

Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 135 - 152, 01.02.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören aile işletmelerinin finansal performansı diğer işletmeler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Aile işletmeleri ‘bir kişinin veya bir ailenin herhangi bir işletmenin hisselerinin en az %20’sine sahip olduğu işletme türü’ olarak tanımlanmıştır. Finansal performans ölçütleri olarak toplam aktif karlılığı, öz kaynak kârlılığı, toplam satış kârlılığı ve piyasa değerinin defter değerine oranı kullanılmıştır. Tüm regresyon sonuçlarında, öz kaynak kârlılığının bir işletmenin aile işletmesi olmasından negatif etkilendiği görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde şirketin tepe yöneticisinin aileden olmasının ise öz kaynak kârlılığı ile birlikte, piyasa değerinin defter değerine oranını negatif etkilediği izlenmiştir. Yönetim kurulu başkanının aileden olması ise performans ölçütlerinin hiçbirini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde etkilememiştir. Şirketin tepe yöneticisinin ayni zamanda yönetim kurulu başkanı olması ise aile ve aile olmayan tüm işletmeler için öz kaynak kârlılığını pozitif etkilemiştir. Toplam aktif kârlılığının ve piyasa değerinin defter değerine oranının finansal kaldıraçtan negatif, satışlardan pozitif etkilendiği görülmüştür. İşletmenin yaşı piyasa değerinin defter değerine oranını pozitif etkilerken, yönetim kurulu başkanının erkek olması toplam aktif kârlılığını pozitif etkilemiştir

References

  • Akdoğan, A. (2000) Aile İşletmelerin Özellikleri ve Aile İşletmelerinde Kurumsallaşma İhtiyacı, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Kayseri, Sayı:16,
  • Alipour, M. (2013) An investigation of the association between ownership structure and corporate performance Empirical evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE): Management Research Review Vol. 36 No. 11, 2013 pp. 1137-1166
  • Alpugan, Oktay (1998) Küçük İşletmeler, Per Yayınları, Trabzon
  • Amann, B. ve Jaussaud, J. (2012) Family and non-family business resilience in an economic downturn: Asia Pacific Business Review, 18:2, 203-223,
  • Andres, C. (2008) Large shareholders and firm performance—An empirical examination offoundingfamily ownership : Journal of Corporate Finance 14 (2008) 431–445
  • Anderson, R. C., Duru, A., Reeb, D. M. (2009) Founders, heirs, and corporate opacity in the United States: Journal of Financial Economics 92 (2009) 205–222
  • Anderson, R. C., Reeb, D. M. (2003) Founding-Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from the S&P 500 : The Journal of Finance No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 1301-1328
  • Anderson, R. C., Mansi, S. A., Reeb, D. M. (2003) Founding family ownership and the agency cost of debt: Journal of Financial Economics 68 (2003) 263–285
  • Ang, J. S., Cole, R. A., Lin, J. W. (2000) Agency Costs and Ownership Structure [Vekalet Maliyeti ve Sahiplik Yapısı]. The Journal Of Finance, 55, 81-106.
  • Baek, Jae, S., Kim, J. (2015) Cofounders and the Value of Family Firms: Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 51:sup3, 20-33
  • Barontini, R., Caprio, L. (2005) The effect of family control on firm value and performance. Evidence from Continental Europe (2005)
  • Bertrand, M., Johnson, S., Samphantharak, K., Schoar, A. (2008) Mixing family with business: A study of Thai -business groups and the families behind them: Journal of Financial Economics 88 (2008) 466–498
  • Barth, E., Gulbrandsen, T., Schone, P. (2005) Family ownership and productivity: the role of ownermanagement: Journal of Corporate Finance 11 (2005) 107– 127
  • Caselli, S., Di Giuli, A. (2010) Does the CFO matter in family firms? Evidence from Italy: The European Journal of Finance, 16:5, 381-411,
  • Chu, W. (2011) Family ownership and firm performance: Influence of family management, family control, and firm size : Asia Pac J Manag (2011) 28:833–851
  • Chu, W. (2009) The influence of family ownership on SME performance: evidence from public firms in Taiwan: Small Bus Econ (2009) 33:353–373 Chua, JH., Chrisman JJ., Sharma P. (1999) Defining the family business by behavior. Entrep Theory Pract 23(4):19–39
  • Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., Litz, R. A.,(2004) Comparing the Agency Costs of Family and Non-Family Firms: Conceptual Issues and Exploratory Evidence: ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY and PRACTICE Summer, 2004
  • Claessens, S., Djankov, S., Lang, L. H. (2000) The separation of ownership and control inEast Asian Corporations: Journal of Financial Economics 58 (2000) 81-112
  • Cucculelli, M., Micucci, G. (2007) Family succession and firm performance: Evidence from Italian family firms.: Journal Of Corporate Finance 2007
  • Erdoğmuş, N. (2007) Aile İşletmeleri: Yönetim Devri ve İkinci Kuşağın Yetiştirilmesi, İstanbul:İGİAD Yayınları, 2007.
  • Filatotchew, I., Lien, Y. C., Piesse, J. (2005) Corporate Governance and Performance in Publicly Listed, FamilyControlled
  • Firms: Evidence from Taiwan: Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22,257–283, 2005
  • Garcia, Bustani, D. M. (2013) Internal Capıtal Allocation And Financial Performance In Family Business Groups: Evidence From MEXICO
  • Khaemasunun, K., (2004) Three Essays on the Profitability, Risk, and Viability of Family Firms in a Developing Economy Division of Economics and
  • Finance Morgantown, West Virginia 2004 Kırım, A. (2001) Aile Şirketlerinin Yönetimi, Sistem Yayımcılık, İstanbul.
  • Kowalewski, O., Talavera, O., Stetsyuk, I. (2009) Influence of Family Involvement in Management and Ownership on Firm Performance: Evidence From Poland, Family Business Review 23(1) 45–59
  • La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanez, F., Schleifer, A. (1999). Corporate Ownership Around The World [Dunya’da Kurumsal Sahiplik]. Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471-517.
  • Lee, J. (2006) Family Firm Performance: Further Evidence Family Business Review · June
  • Martınez, J. I., Stöhr, B. S., Quiroga, B. F. (2007) Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence From Mine AKSOY, Sinan KIZILTOPRAK 152 Public Companies in Chile: FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, June 2007
  • Maury, B. (2006) Family ownership and firm performance: Empirical evidence from Western European corporations: Journal of Corporate Finance 12 (2006) 321– 341 January 2006
  • McConaughy, D. L., Walker, M. C., Henderson, Jr. G.V., Mishra, C. S. (1998) Founding Family Controlled Firms: Efficiency and Value: REVIEW OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, VOL. 7, NO. 1,
  • Miller, D., Miller, I., Le, B. (2006) Family Governance and Firm Performance: Agency, Stewardship, and Capabilities: Family Business Review · March 2006
  • Miller, D., Miller, I., Le, B., Lester, R. H., Cannela, Jr. A. A. (2007) ’’ Are family firms really superior performers? Journal of Corporate Finance 13 (2007) 829–858
  • Minichilli, A., Corbetta, G., MacMillan, I. C. (2010) Top Management Teams in Family-Controlled Companies: ‘Familiness’, ‘Faultlines’, and Their Impact on Financial Performance: Journal of Management Studies 47:2 March 2010
  • Pukthuanthong, K., Walker, T. J., Thiengtham, D. N. (2013) Does family ownership create or destroy value? Evidence from Canada: International Journal of Managerial Finance Vol. 9 No. 1, 2013 pp. 13-48
  • Sciascia, S., Mazzola, P. (2008) Family Involvement in Ownership and Management: Exploring Nonlinear Effects on Performance : Family Bus. Review; Dec 2008; 21, 4; pg. 331
  • Shyu, J. (2011) Family ownership and firm performance: evidence from Taiwanese firms: International Journal of Managerial Finance Vol. 7 No. 4, 2011 pp. 397-411
  • Smith, F. B., Amoaku-Adu, B. (1999) Management succession and financial performance of family controlled firms: Journal of Corporate Finance 5 (1999) 341–368
  • Sraer, D., Thesmar, D. (2007) ‘’Performance And Behavior Of Family Firms: Evıdence From The French Stock Market: Journal of the European Economic Association
  • Westhead, P., Howorth, C. (2006) Ownership and Management Issues Associated With Family Firm Performance and Company Objectives: Family Business Review; Dec 2006; 19, 4; pg. 301
  • Westhead, P., Cowling, M. (1997), “Performance Comtrasts between Family and non family Unquoted Companiesin the UK.
  • Villalonga, B., Amit, R. (2004) How Do Family Ownership, Management, and Control Affect Firm Value? March 11, 2004 YÜKSEKLİSANS-DOKTORA TEZLERİ
  • Alestalo, A. (2010) ’’Gender effect, family characteristics and firm performance on succession decisions - Evidence from Finnish family firms’’ (Master Thesis)
  • Karpuzoğlu, E. (2000) ’’Aile İşletmelerinin Kurumsallaşma Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma’’, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2000.
  • Kortelainen, P. (2007) ’’The Effect of Family Ownnership on Firm Performance’’: Emprical Evidence From Norway (Master Thesis)
  • Saito, T. (2008) ’’Family Firms and Firm Performance’’ (Master Thesis)
  • Shu, X. (2013) ’’Firm Performance, Entrepreneurship and Business Succession in Family Firms :Short-term market reaction to intra-family succession Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms’’ (Master Thesis) INTERNET KAYNAKLARI
  • Liang, T. W., and Jek, G. F. (2010) The Determinants of Family Business Growth And Performance in Singapore, http://www.cdnet.edu.cn/mirror/singap_college/ smu/www.smu.edu.sg/research/pdfs/WeeLiang2K. pdf (10.09.2010)
  • Tharawat Magazine for Family Business And Entrepreneurs (Family Firm Instıtute, Inc. Global Data Points(2014)
  • SEMPOZYUM, KONGRELER:
  • PAZARCIK, Orhan (2004) “Aile İşletmelerinin Tanımı Kurumsallaşması Ve Yönetişimi”, 1.Aile İşletmeleri Kongresi Kongre Kitabı, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Yayınları Yayın No:40, 17-18-Nisan-2004, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi
  • ARAŞTIRMA,ÇALIŞMA METİNLERİ:
  • King, R. M., Santor, E. (2007) Family Values: Ownership Structure, Performance and Capital Structure of Canadian Firms: Bank of Canada Working Paper 2007-40
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA46GB47ZG
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sinan Kiziltoprak This is me

Mine Aksoy This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 18 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kiziltoprak, S., & Aksoy, M. (2018). The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul. Ege Academic Review, 18(1), 135-152.
AMA Kiziltoprak S, Aksoy M. The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul. ear. February 2018;18(1):135-152.
Chicago Kiziltoprak, Sinan, and Mine Aksoy. “The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul”. Ege Academic Review 18, no. 1 (February 2018): 135-52.
EndNote Kiziltoprak S, Aksoy M (February 1, 2018) The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul. Ege Academic Review 18 1 135–152.
IEEE S. Kiziltoprak and M. Aksoy, “The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul”, ear, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 135–152, 2018.
ISNAD Kiziltoprak, Sinan - Aksoy, Mine. “The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul”. Ege Academic Review 18/1 (February 2018), 135-152.
JAMA Kiziltoprak S, Aksoy M. The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul. ear. 2018;18:135–152.
MLA Kiziltoprak, Sinan and Mine Aksoy. “The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul”. Ege Academic Review, vol. 18, no. 1, 2018, pp. 135-52.
Vancouver Kiziltoprak S, Aksoy M. The Analyses of Financial Performance of Family Businesses Traded in Borsa Istanbul. ear. 2018;18(1):135-52.